https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42666 Wed 31 Aug 2022 14:05:33 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38068 p <0.001), longer disease duration (HR=1.01, p=0.038), a higher Expanded Disability Status Scale score (HR=1.30, p<0.001), more rapid disability trajectory (HR=2.82, p<0.001) and greater number of relapses in the previous year (HR=1.07, p=0.010) were independently associated with an increased risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Improving disability (HR=0.62, p=0.039) and disease-modifying therapy exposure (HR=0.71, p=0.007) were associated with a lower risk. Recent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging activity, evidence of spinal cord lesions and oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid were not associated with the risk of conversion. Conclusion:Risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis increases with age, duration of illness and worsening disability and decreases with improving disability. Therapy may delay the onset of secondary progression.]]> Wed 24 May 2023 12:22:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52379 Wed 24 Apr 2024 09:45:59 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38878 n = 13) erythrocyte-derived (CD235a) extracellular particles were increased, while platelet-derived (CD41b), leukocyte-derived (CD45), and CD4⁺T cell-derived (CD4) extracellular particles were decreased compared to both healthy controls (n = 27) (p<0.05) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis patients (n = 9) (p < 0.05). Endothelium-derived extracellular particles (CD146) were increased in stable relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients (n = 17) compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). Extracellular particles from several different cells of origin correlated with each other and clinical parameters (e.g. disease duration, number of relapses, EDSS), though clinical correlations did not withstand corrections for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: Concentrations of erythrocyte-, leukocyte-, and platelet-derived extracellular particles were altered in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients and endothelium-derived extracellular particles were increased in stable relapsing-remitting patients compared to healthy controls. Extracellular particles may provide insights into altered the crosstalk between peripheral blood cells in multiple sclerosis, which may lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets.]]> Wed 23 Feb 2022 11:05:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53345 Wed 22 Nov 2023 10:19:25 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22647 Wed 22 May 2019 14:51:24 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22648 Wed 22 May 2019 14:50:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34644 Wed 22 May 2019 14:48:36 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48596 Wed 22 Mar 2023 08:46:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54397 Wed 21 Feb 2024 15:48:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54897 Wed 20 Mar 2024 13:32:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48943 Wed 19 Apr 2023 13:52:09 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51652 Wed 13 Sep 2023 10:00:03 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52436 Wed 11 Oct 2023 14:54:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13691 Wed 11 Apr 2018 17:01:07 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:9567 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:22:37 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28397 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:14:13 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26131 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:53:18 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26643 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:39:49 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30273 MERTK has been established as an MS susceptibility gene and is part of a family of receptor tyrosine kinases known to be involved in the pathogenesis of demyelinating disease. In this study we have refined the association of MERTK with MS risk to independent signals from both common and low frequency variants. One of the associated variants was also found to be linked with increased expression of MERTK in monocytes and higher expression of MERTK was associated with either increased or decreased risk of developing MS, dependent upon HLA-DRB1*15:01 status. This discordant association potentially extended beyond MS susceptibility to alterations in disease course in established MS. This study provides clear evidence that distinct polymorphisms within MERTK are associated with MS susceptibility, one of which has the potential to alter MERTK transcription, which in turn can alter both susceptibility and disease course in MS patients.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:23:58 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28831 Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:23:36 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:13692 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:50:56 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53604 75% (AUC = 0.79, SE = 0.014). Discrimination between ISO lesions and cNAWM was accomplished with an accuracy of >69% (AUC = 0.74, SE = 0.018), while discrimination between BH lesions and cNAWM was achieved at an accuracy of >80% (AUC = 0.87, SE = 0.021). Conclusions: Our results highlight the potential of APTw imaging for use as a non-invasive technique that is able to provide essential molecular information to clinicians and researchers so that the stages of inflammation and degeneration in MS lesions can be better characterized.]]> Wed 07 Feb 2024 14:34:19 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45667 Wed 02 Nov 2022 15:59:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47837 n = 330), annual transition probabilities were obtained between no/mild (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) levels 0-3.5), moderate (EDSS 4-6.0) and severe (EDSS 6.5-9.5) disability. Results: From no/mild disability, 6.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.7-8.4) and 0.1% (0.0-0.2) progressed to moderate and severe disability annually, respectively. From moderate disability, 6.9% (1.0-11.4) improved (to no/mild state) and 2.6% (1.1-4.5) worsened. From severe disability, 0.0% improved to moderate and no/mild disability. Male sex, age at onset, longer disease duration, not using immunotherapies greater than 3 months and a history of relapse were related to higher probabilities of worsening. Conclusion: We have estimated probabilities of changing disability levels in Australians with RRMS. Probabilities differed between various subgroups, but due to small sample sizes, results should be interpreted with caution. Our findings will be helpful in predicting long-term disease outcomes and in health economic evaluations of MS.]]> Wed 01 Feb 2023 15:34:54 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54058 Tue 30 Jan 2024 13:55:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51272 Tue 29 Aug 2023 15:42:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50909 Tue 29 Aug 2023 11:01:27 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34542 Tue 26 Mar 2019 15:11:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53309 .05). Compared to HCs, both RRMS cohorts showed volume changes in white matter (−13%), gray matter (−16%), and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) (+17-23%), as well as reduced NAA (−17%, p =.001, hippocampus), (−7%, p =.001, PCG), and (−9%, p =.001, PFC). MRI/S metrics in three regions were moderately correlated with cognition and fatigue functions. Conclusion: While both treatment arms showed overall similar volumetric and neurometabolic profiles, longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify neurometabolic changes and associations with treatment efficacy.]]> Tue 21 Nov 2023 12:02:21 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54334 Tue 20 Feb 2024 16:06:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31987 Tue 17 Apr 2018 09:47:46 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27384 Tue 13 Oct 2020 19:16:32 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27446 Tue 13 Oct 2020 19:11:18 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49895 Tue 13 Jun 2023 15:49:48 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47078 Tue 13 Dec 2022 16:28:39 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33855 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:30:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52120 Thu 28 Sep 2023 15:04:45 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26056 Thu 28 Oct 2021 12:37:14 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55006 Thu 28 Mar 2024 13:52:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45379 Thu 27 Oct 2022 15:58:23 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53990 Thu 25 Jan 2024 13:04:15 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53980 pFDR ≤ 0.001; false-detection-rate (FDR)-corrected). There was a significant decrease in WML diffusivities and an increase in FA over the follow-up period in most TOIs (pFDR ≤ 0.001). Additionally, there were no differences in DTI parameters across treatment groups. AD and MD were positively correlated with fatigue scores (r ≤ 0.33, p ≤ 0.01) in NAWM-TOIs, while disability (EDSS) was negatively correlated with FA in most NAWM-TOIs (|r|≤0.31, p ≤ 0.01) at both time points. Disability scores correlated with all diffusivity parameters (r ≤ 0.29, p ≤ 0.01) in most WML-TOIs at both time points. Conclusion: Statistically significant changes in diffusion metrics in WML might be indicative of integrity improvement over two years in CTS tracts in clinically stable pw-RRMS. This finding represents structural changes within lesioned tracts. Measuring diffusivity in pw-RRMS affected tracts might be a relevant measure for future remyelination clinical trials.]]> Thu 25 Jan 2024 12:56:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37635 65% by area and 16/50 a low grade stenosis of between 40-65% by area compared to 1/50 low grade stenoses in this segment in the controls. The commonest cause of the stenosis was a giant arachnoid granulation. The optic nerve sheaths were larger in MS than controls (p=0.0006). Comparing MS patients with transverse sinus stenosis to those without, the pituitary height was 16% smaller and BMI 25% larger (p=0.02 and 0.003 respectively) Conclusion: In patients with MS, the reduction in venous sinus compliance is associated with venous outflow stenoses in the transverse sinuses which increases the upstream venous pressure and dilates the sagittal sinuses. This finding suggests a continuum exists between MS and idiopathic intracranial hypertension.]]> Thu 24 Mar 2022 11:30:10 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51627 Thu 23 Nov 2023 14:26:15 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52643 Thu 19 Oct 2023 15:18:30 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32442 Thu 09 Dec 2021 11:04:09 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36736 Thu 02 Jul 2020 16:31:45 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41240 Sat 30 Jul 2022 12:19:30 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:9594 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:39:37 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:7518 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:38:28 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20798 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:05:59 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17471 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:04:07 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18887 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:12 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18888 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18886 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:03:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19533 95% of the identified indication bias. Slightly lower relapse incidence was found among patients treated with glatiramer acetate or subcutaneous interferon β-1a relative to intramuscular interferon β-1a and interferon β-1b (p≤0.001). No differences in 12-month confirmed progression of disability were observed. Conclusion: Small but statistically significant differences in relapse outcomes exist among the injectable immunomodulators. MSBase is sufficiently powered to identify these differences and reflects practice in tertiary MS centres. While the present study controlled indication, selection and attrition bias, centre-dependent variance in data quality was likely.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:02:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18970 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:58:53 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20329 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:55:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19188 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:55:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:19980 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:50:58 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28472 2 than ≤2. Two-point progression was uncommon for EDSS score of <2 and more common at EDSS score of 4. Conclusions: EDSS rank stability increases with disease duration, probably due to reduced relapses and less random variation in later disease. After 4 years duration, EDSS rank was highly predictive of EDSS rank 5 years later. Risk of progression by 10 years was highly dependent on EDSS score at 5 years duration. We confirm the utility of EDSS ranking to predict 5-year outcome in individuals 4 years after disease onset.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:39:35 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28467 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:39:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28805 P < 10⁻¹²). However, the female-to-male ratio in patients with relapse-onset multiple sclerosis and zero relapses in any given year was double that of the patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Patient age was a more important determinant of decline in relapse incidence than disease duration (P < 10⁻¹²). Females are predisposed to higher relapse activity than males. However, this difference does not explain the markedly lower female-to-male sex ratio in primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Decline in relapse activity over time is more closely related to patient age than disease duration.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:38:27 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30101 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:37:59 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27383 -16). Furthermore, we identify a novel association signal of rs9807334, near the ELAC1/SMAD4 genes, for oligoclonal band status (P = 8.45 x 10^-7). The previously reported association of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus with immunoglobulin G index reaches strong evidence for association in this data set (P = 3.79 x 10^-37). We identify two novel associations in the major histocompatibility complex region with immunoglobulin G index: the rs9271640*A-rs6457617*G haplotype (P = 1.59 x 10^-22), shared with oligoclonal band status, and an additional independent effect of rs6457617*G (P = 3.68 x 10^-6). Variants identified in this study account for up to 2-fold differences in the odds of being oligoclonal band positive and 7.75% of the variation in immunoglobulin G index. Both traits are associated with clinical features of disease such as female gender, age at onset and severity. This is the largest study population so far investigated for the genetic influence on antibody levels in the cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis, including 6950 patients. We confirm that genetic factors underlie these antibody levels and identify both the major histocompatibility complex and immunoglobulin heavy chain region as major determinants.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:34:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22288 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:17:30 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23578 −4). In a replication phase, we combined these data with previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from an independent 14,802 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 26,703 healthy controls. In these 80,094 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 48 new susceptibility variants (P < 5.0 x 10⁻⁸), 3 of which we found after conditioning on previously identified variants. Thus, there are now 110 established multiple sclerosis risk variants at 103 discrete loci outside of the major histocompatibility complex. With high-resolution Bayesian fine mapping, we identified five regions where one variant accounted for more than 50% of the posterior probability of association. This study enhances the catalog of multiple sclerosis risk variants and illustrates the value of fine mapping in the resolution of GWAS signals.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:12:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23863 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:12:10 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24856 -22). On-therapy relapses carried greater burden than off-therapy relapses. Cumulative treatment exposure was independently associated with lower EDSS at 10 years (coeff=-0.86, p=1.3x10^-9). Furthermore, pregnancies were also independently associated with lower EDSS scores over the 10-year observation period (coeff=-0.36, p=0.009).We provide evidence of long-term treatment benefit in a large registry cohort, and provide evidence of long-term protective effects of pregnancy against disability accrual. We demonstrate that high annualized relapse rate, particularly on-treatment relapse, is an indicator of poor prognosis.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:11:22 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24704 85% loss of 'pore' function of the P2X7 receptor measured by ATP-induced ethidium uptake. Analysis shows Arg307Gln always occurred with 270His suggesting a single 307Gln-270His haplotype which confers dominant negative effects on P2X7 function and protection against MS. Modelling based on the homologous zP2X4 receptor showed Arg307 is located in a region rich in basic residues located only 12Å from the ligand binding site. Our data show the protective effect against MS of a rare genetic variant of P2RX7 with heterozygotes showing near absent proinflammatory 'pore' function.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:10:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52843 Mon 30 Oct 2023 09:54:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37732 p = 0.001), brainstem onset (HR = 0.45, p = 0.009), azathioprine (HR = 0.46, p <0.001) and mycophenolate mofetil (HR = 0.09, p = 0.012) were associated with a reduced risk of relapse. A greater EDSS was associated with age (β = 0.45 (per decade), p<0.001) and disease duration (β = 0.07 per year, p <0.001). A slower increase in EDSS was associated with azathioprine (β = -0.48, p <0.001), mycophenolate mofetil (β = -0.69, p = 0.04) and rituximab (β = -0.35, p = 0.024). Interpretation: This study has demonstrated that azathioprine and mycophenolate mofetil reduce the risk of relapses and disability progression is modified by azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil and rituximab. Age and disease duration were the only patient characteristics that modified the risk of relapse and disability in our cohort.]]> Mon 29 Mar 2021 13:09:59 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48109 Mon 27 Feb 2023 15:22:15 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47575 Mon 23 Jan 2023 14:00:36 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43429 P ≤ .05). Only GPC showed positive correlation with all fatigue domains (r = .537, P ≤ .05). On the other hand, Glx-upper, NAA-2, GSH+Hca, and fucose-3 showed negative correlations with all fatigue domains (r = –.345 to –.580, P ≤ .05). While tyrosine showed positive correlation with MFIS (r = .499, P ≤ .05), cognitive fatigue was negatively correlated with total GSH (r = –.530, P ≤ .05). No correlations were found between lesion load or brain volumes with fatigue score. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that fatigue in MS is strongly correlated with an imbalance in neurometabolites but not structural brain measurements.]]> Mon 19 Sep 2022 09:29:20 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37094 Mon 17 Aug 2020 12:34:46 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46199 Mon 14 Nov 2022 11:22:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54196 Mon 12 Feb 2024 14:43:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54737 90 % accuracy in this cohort (AUC=0.92, SE=0.86 - 0.94). Conclusion: Multi-modal MRI signatures can predict cognitive decline in a cohort of pwMS over 5 years with high accuracy. Future studies will benefit from the inclusion of even more MR modalities e.g., functional MRI, quantitative susceptibility mapping, magnetisation transfer imaging, as well as other potential predictors e.g., genetic and environmental factors. With further validation, this signature could be used in future trials with high-risk patients to personalise the management of cognitive decline in pwMS, even in the absence of relapses.]]> Mon 11 Mar 2024 14:19:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30630 1H-MRS) and localization techniques principles, different fast MRSI techniques will be discussed from their initial development to the recent innovations with particular emphasis on their capacity to record neurochemical changes in the brain in a variety of pathologies. The clinical applications of whole brain fast spectroscopic techniques, can assist in the assessment of neurochemical changes in the human brain and help in understanding the roles they play in disease. To give a good example of the utilities of these techniques in clinical context, MRSI application in multiple sclerosis was chosen. The available up to date and relevant literature is discussed and an outline of future research is presented.]]> Mon 11 Mar 2019 12:08:59 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39532 Mon 08 Aug 2022 11:20:12 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36797 Mon 06 Jul 2020 16:25:41 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40208 Mon 01 Aug 2022 09:10:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46553 Fri 25 Nov 2022 11:33:34 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48646 Fri 24 Mar 2023 13:51:57 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47726 Fri 24 Feb 2023 14:56:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51918 Fri 22 Sep 2023 10:40:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53845 .1). Conclusion: We found evidence of loss of GM and TBV over time in pwMOGAD, similar to pwMS, although the WM and lesion volumes were unchanged.]]> Fri 19 Jan 2024 10:18:15 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53050 Fri 17 Nov 2023 12:07:55 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51685 Fri 15 Sep 2023 09:36:29 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44478 Fri 14 Oct 2022 08:50:55 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46091 Fri 11 Nov 2022 09:31:14 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51536 Fri 08 Sep 2023 12:58:50 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49119 Fri 05 May 2023 11:46:07 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52991 Fri 03 Nov 2023 16:05:35 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47876 0.12). in vivo results showed statistically significant diurnal variations (P ≤ 0.05, F > 3.88) for 22 resonances. Bonferroni post-hoc testing showed there was statistically significant increases in metabolite ratios between 0700 and 1700 and these include different moieties of N-acetylaspartate, creatine, choline, myo-inositol, lipids, fucose, glutathione, and homocarnosine. Data Conclusion: 2D L-COSY can detect diurnal physiological variability in neuro-metabolite levels. Thus, time of the day should be considered when planning MRS studies to avoid confounding results. Level of Evidence: 1. Technical Efficacy Stage: 1.]]> Fri 03 Feb 2023 15:17:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49799 Fri 02 Jun 2023 17:06:47 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51340 Fri 01 Sep 2023 13:35:50 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34026 80%) for relapse incidence during the first year and for disability outcomes, moderate for relapse incidence in Years 2–4 and for the change in the cumulative disease burden, and low for conversion to secondary progressive disease and treatment discontinuation. External validation showed similar results, demonstrating high external validity for disability and relapse outcomes, moderate external validity for cumulative disease burden and low external validity for conversion to secondary progressive disease and treatment discontinuation. We conclude that demographic, clinical and paraclinical information helps predict individual response to disease-modifying therapies at the time of their commencement.]]> Fri 01 Feb 2019 10:45:46 AEDT ]]>